鉆機液壓系統異響怎么辦？挖改鉆機廠家為您分析解決方法
發(fa)布日期(qi)：2021-02-17
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鉆機液壓系統異響怎么辦？挖改鉆機廠家為您分析解決方法。
1：不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)確判斷分析故障(zhang)，盲目大拆大卸的現象司空見慣(guan)
一些維(wei)(wei)修人(ren)員由于對(dui)工程(cheng)機械結(jie)構、原(yuan)理不(bu)清楚，不(bu)認真分析故障(zhang)原(yuan)因，不(bu)能準確判(pan)斷故障(zhang)部位(wei)，憑著“大(da)概、差(cha)不(bu)多”的思想盲目對(dui)機械大(da)拆大(da)卸，結(jie)果不(bu)但原(yuan)故障(zhang)未排除，而且(qie)由于維(wei)(wei)修技(ji)能和工藝較差(cha)，又出現新的問(wen)題。
2：盲目更(geng)換零部件(jian)，一味“換件(jian)修理”的現象不同程度(du)地存在
工程機械故障(zhang)的(de)判斷和排除相對(dui)困難一些(xie)(xie)，有(you)些(xie)(xie)維修人(ren)員一貫采用(yong)換件(jian)試(shi)驗(yan)的(de)方法，不論(lun)大件(jian)小件(jian)，只要認(ren)為可能是導致故障(zhang)的(de)零部(bu)件(jian)，一個(ge)一個(ge)更(geng)(geng)換試(shi)驗(yan)，結(jie)果非(fei)但故障(zhang)沒排除，且把(ba)不該更(geng)(geng)換的(de)零部(bu)件(jian)隨意更(geng)(geng)換了(le)，增加了(le)消費(fei)者的(de)開支。
3：不檢查新(xin)件質量，裝配后(hou)出現故障的問題比較常(chang)見(jian)
在更換挖改鉆(zhan)機廠家(jia)配件前，有些維修人員對新配件不做技術檢查，拿來后直接安裝到工程機械上，這種做法是不科學的。目前市場上出售的零配件質量良莠不均，一些假冒偽劣配件魚目混珠；還有一些配件由于庫存時間過長，性能發生變化，如不經檢測，裝配后常常引起故障的發生。
4：不注意(yi)配件型號，配件代用或(huo)錯用的現象(xiang)較普遍
在(zai)維(wei)修工程機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)時(shi)，配件(jian)代(dai)用(yong)(yong)或錯用(yong)(yong)的現象仍(reng)然較(jiao)普遍，有些配件(jian)應急代(dai)用(yong)(yong)是(shi)可(ke)行的，但長時(shi)間使用(yong)(yong)卻(que)有害無益，影響機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)的安全和(he)技(ji)術性能。有些維(wei)修人員對(dui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)結構、原理了解(jie)較(jiao)少，很多零配件(jian)型(xing)號不(bu)符(fu)，但卻(que)認為只要能裝(zhuang)上就行，不(bu)考(kao)慮(lv)能否(fou)發揮(hui)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)的技(ji)術性能。
5：不重(zhong)視螺栓的選用(yong)，螺栓使(shi)用(yong)混(hun)亂的現象較突出
在維修挖改鉆(zhan)機廠家工程機械時，亂用螺栓的現象還比較突出，因螺栓性能、質量不符合技術要求，導致維修后機械故障頻出。工程機械使用的專用螺栓，如傳動軸螺栓、缸蓋螺栓、連桿螺栓、飛輪螺栓、噴油器固定螺栓等是用特殊材質經過特殊加工制成的，其強度大、抗剪切力強，確保聯接、固定可靠。實際維修作業中，有些維修人員發現這些螺栓損壞或缺失時，一時找不到標準螺栓，有的隨意取來其它螺栓代替，有的自行加工代用，這些螺栓因材質差或加工工藝不合格，給工程機械的后期使用留下故障隱患，74式II型挖掘機后橋輪邊減速器內連接行星輪架和輪邊減速器殼體的6只螺栓承受較大的扭矩，這6只螺栓發生斷裂損壞，一些維修人員使用其它螺栓或自行加工代用，常出現因螺栓強度不夠而再次折斷的情況；有些部位需用“小螺距”的“細扣自緊”螺栓、銅螺栓、鍍銅螺栓，卻使用普通螺栓代替，導致出現螺栓自行松脫、拆卸困難等現象，如柴油機排氣歧管固定螺母多為銅制，防止受熱或使用時間過長不易拆卸，但在實際維修時，卻多數使用了普通螺母，時間一長拆卸十分困難；有些螺栓經使用后會出現拉伸、變形等缺陷，有些技術要求規定拆裝幾次后必須換新的螺栓，因維修人員不了解這些情況，多次重復使用不合格的螺栓，也易導致機械故障或事故的發生。因此，在維修工程機械時，當螺栓損壞或丟失要及時更換符合要求的螺栓，切忌亂用螺栓。
6：螺栓擰緊方法不當的情況較嚴(yan)重
工(gong)程機械各部位固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)或(huo)(huo)聯接螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)多數有(you)(you)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)力矩要(yao)求(qiu)，如噴油(you)器固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、缸(gang)蓋螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、連桿螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、飛輪螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)等，有(you)(you)些規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)力矩，有(you)(you)些規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)角度(du)，同時還(huan)(huan)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)(le)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)順(shun)序(xu)。一些維修人員，認為擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)誰都會做(zuo)，無關緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)要(yao)，不(bu)按(an)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)力矩及順(shun)序(xu)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)（有(you)(you)的根本不(bu)了(le)(le)(le)解有(you)(you)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)力矩和順(shun)序(xu)要(yao)求(qiu)），不(bu)使(shi)用扭力（公斤(jin)）扳手，或(huo)(huo)隨意使(shi)用加(jia)力桿，憑感(gan)覺擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，導致擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)力矩相(xiang)差很大。力矩不(bu)足，螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)易發生松脫(tuo)，導致沖壞氣缸(gang)襯墊、軸(zhou)瓦(wa)松動、漏(lou)(lou)油(you)、漏(lou)(lou)氣；力矩過大，螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)易拉伸變形，甚至斷裂，有(you)(you)時還(huan)(huan)會損壞螺(luo)(luo)紋(wen)孔(kong)，影(ying)響了(le)(le)(le)修理質量。1臺(tai)ZL50裝載機，變矩器向外(wai)甩液壓油(you)，經檢(jian)查是(shi)由(you)于聯接泵輪和罩輪的24個螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)沒有(you)(you)按(an)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的順(shun)序(xu)和力矩擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。因此，在維修工(gong)程機械時，一定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)按(an)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)力矩和順(shun)序(xu)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)，防止因螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)擰(ning)(ning)(ning)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)力矩過大、過小或(huo)(huo)順(shun)序(xu)不(bu)當而導致機械發生故障。
7：不(bu)注意檢測零部件(jian)配合間隙(xi)的現(xian)象(xiang)為數(shu)不(bu)少(shao)
柴油(you)機活塞(sai)(sai)(sai)與缸套(tao)配(pei)合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、活塞(sai)(sai)(sai)環“三隙(xi)(xi)”、活塞(sai)(sai)(sai)頂隙(xi)(xi)、氣(qi)門(men)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、柱塞(sai)(sai)(sai)余(yu)隙(xi)(xi)、制動(dong)蹄(ti)片間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、主從動(dong)齒輪嚙合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、軸承軸向(xiang)和徑向(xiang)間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)、氣(qi)門(men)桿與氣(qi)門(men)導(dao)管(guan)配(pei)合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)等，各(ge)類機型都(dou)有(you)嚴格的(de)要求，在維修(xiu)時必須(xu)進(jin)行測量，對不符合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)要求的(de)零部(bu)件(jian)(jian)要進(jin)行調整或更換。實際維修(xiu)工作(zuo)中(zhong)，不測量配(pei)合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)而盲目(mu)裝配(pei)零部(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)現象為數不少，導(dao)致軸承早期磨損或燒(shao)蝕、柴油(you)機燒(shao)機油(you)、起動(dong)困難或爆燃(ran)、活塞(sai)(sai)(sai)環折斷(duan)、機件(jian)(jian)撞擊、漏(lou)油(you)、漏(lou)氣(qi)等故(gu)障，有(you)時甚至會(hui)因零部(bu)件(jian)(jian)配(pei)合間(jian)(jian)隙(xi)(xi)不當，導(dao)致機械嚴重損壞事故(gu)的(de)發生。
8：不成(cheng)對、成(cheng)套更換偶件或組(zu)件的情況也不少(shao)見
工程(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械上有很多偶(ou)件，如柴油(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)燃油(you)(you)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)柱(zhu)塞(sai)副(fu)(fu)、出油(you)(you)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)副(fu)(fu)、噴油(you)(you)嘴針(zhen)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)副(fu)(fu)偶(ou)件；驅動橋主(zhu)減速(su)器內(nei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)、從(cong)動齒輪；液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)操縱閥(fa)(fa)(fa)中(zhong)的(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)塊與(yu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)桿；全(quan)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)轉(zhuan)向器中(zhong)的(de)(de)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)芯(xin)與(yu)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)套(tao)等(deng)，這些配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)偶(ou)件在(zai)工廠制造時(shi)經過(guo)(guo)特殊加(jia)工，成(cheng)對(dui)研磨而成(cheng)，配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)十(shi)分精密，在(zai)使用(yong)的(de)(de)壽命期(qi)內(nei)始終成(cheng)對(dui)使用(yong)，切不(bu)可(ke)(ke)互換；一些相(xiang)互配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)組件，如活塞(sai)與(yu)缸套(tao)、軸瓦與(yu)軸頸(jing)、氣(qi)門與(yu)氣(qi)門座、連桿大頭(tou)瓦蓋與(yu)桿身等(deng)，經過(guo)(guo)一段時(shi)間的(de)(de)磨合(he)(he)(he)使用(yong)，相(xiang)對(dui)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)較好，在(zai)維修(xiu)時(shi)，也應注(zhu)意成(cheng)對(dui)裝配(pei)，不(bu)要弄(nong)串；柴油(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)連桿、活塞(sai)、風(feng)扇皮(pi)帶、高壓(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)管、挖掘(jue)機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)央回轉(zhuan)接頭(tou)油(you)(you)封、推土(tu)機(ji)(ji)主(zhu)離合(he)(he)(he)器膠布(bu)節等(deng)，這些一臺(tai)機(ji)(ji)械同(tong)(tong)時(shi)使用(yong)一套(tao)的(de)(de)配(pei)件，發(fa)生損(sun)壞一定要成(cheng)套(tao)更換，否則由于配(pei)件質(zhi)量差別大、新舊程(cheng)(cheng)度不(bu)同(tong)(tong)、長(chang)短尺寸不(bu)一，會導致柴油(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)運(yun)轉(zhuan)不(bu)穩、液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)漏油(you)(you)、載荷(he)集中(zhong)現象嚴重、更換的(de)(de)配(pei)件易早期(qi)損(sun)壞等(deng)。在(zai)實際(ji)維修(xiu)工作中(zhong)，有人為(wei)了(le)減少(shao)開支(zhi)、有人不(bu)了(le)解技(ji)術要求，不(bu)成(cheng)對(dui)或成(cheng)套(tao)更換上述(shu)零部件的(de)(de)情況還(huan)不(bu)少(shao)見(jian)，降低了(le)工程(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)(ji)械的(de)(de)維修(xiu)質(zhi)量，縮短了(le)機(ji)(ji)件壽命，增加(jia)了(le)故障發(fa)生的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)性，應引起足(zu)夠的(de)(de)重視。
9：裝配(pei)時零部件(jian)裝反的情況時有發生(sheng)
在(zai)維(wei)修工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)時，一些零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)有(you)著嚴格的(de)(de)方向要(yao)求(qiu)，只有(you)正(zheng)確安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，才能(neng)保證零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。有(you)些零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)特征不(bu)明顯，正(zheng)反都可(ke)(ke)以安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，在(zai)實(shi)際工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中時常(chang)出現(xian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反的(de)(de)情況，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)零件(jian)(jian)早(zao)期(qi)損(sun)壞(huai)、機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)不(bu)能(neng)正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)損(sun)壞(huai)事(shi)故等(deng)。如發動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)氣缸襯墊、不(bu)等(deng)距氣門彈簧（如F6L912柴(chai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)）、發動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)、活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)、風扇(shan)葉片、齒輪油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)側(ce)板、骨架(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)、止推(tui)墊圈(quan)、止推(tui)軸(zhou)(zhou)承、止推(tui)墊片、擋油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)圈(quan)、噴油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)柱塞(sai)、離合器摩擦片盤轂、傳(chuan)動(dong)軸(zhou)(zhou)萬向節(jie)等(deng)，這(zhe)些零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)在(zai)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)時，如不(bu)了解結構及安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)注(zhu)意(yi)事(shi)項，最易裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反，致(zhi)使(shi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)后工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)不(bu)正(zheng)常(chang)，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)故障的(de)(de)發生。如1臺4120F柴(chai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)更(geng)換活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)后，柴(chai)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)冒藍煙(yan)，考慮可(ke)(ke)能(neng)是(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)加注(zhu)過(guo)(guo)多或者(zhe)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)“對口”所致(zhi)。檢查(cha)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)正(zheng)常(chang)，拆下一個(ge)(ge)缸的(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)連(lian)桿組(zu)，發現(xian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)未“對口”，但卻把氣環(huan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反了，檢查(cha)其它(ta)各缸活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)也(ye)都裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反了。該機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)用內(nei)(nei)切(qie)(qie)槽式扭曲(qu)氣環(huan)，安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)時要(yao)求(qiu)內(nei)(nei)切(qie)(qie)口朝上，維(wei)修人員(yuan)恰恰裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反了，由于內(nei)(nei)切(qie)(qie)槽活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)環(huan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反時極易出現(xian)活(huo)(huo)(huo)塞(sai)“泵(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)”現(xian)象，使(shi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)沿(yan)環(huan)切(qie)(qie)口處上竄(cuan)到(dao)燃燒室內(nei)(nei)燃燒。又(you)如ZL50裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)載機(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)上裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)2個(ge)(ge)骨架(jia)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)，油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)正(zheng)確安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方向是(shi)：里側(ce)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)唇口向里，外(wai)側(ce)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)唇口向外(wai)，這(zhe)樣既可(ke)(ke)防止工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)(beng)將(jiang)液(ye)壓(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱(xiang)內(nei)(nei)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液(ye)通過(guo)(guo)變(bian)(bian)速泵(beng)(beng)打(da)入變(bian)(bian)速箱(xiang)，也(ye)可(ke)(ke)防止變(bian)(bian)速泵(beng)(beng)將(jiang)變(bian)(bian)速箱(xiang)內(nei)(nei)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液(ye)通過(guo)(guo)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)(beng)打(da)入液(ye)壓(ya)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)箱(xiang)內(nei)(nei)（工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)泵(beng)(beng)和變(bian)(bian)速泵(beng)(beng)并排安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，由一只軸(zhou)(zhou)齒輪驅動(dong)），筆者(zhe)就曾遇(yu)到(dao)兩例因該油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)泵(beng)(beng)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)封(feng)(feng)(feng)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)反而導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)的(de)(de)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)液(ye)互(hu)竄(cuan)故障。因此，維(wei)修人員(yuan)在(zai)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)時，一定要(yao)掌握零部(bu)(bu)(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)結構及安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)方向要(yao)求(qiu)，不(bu)可(ke)(ke)想當(dang)然盲(mang)目安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)。
10：維(wei)修方法不正規，“治標不治本(ben)”仍是一些維(wei)修單位慣用的手段。
在(zai)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)工程機(ji)械時，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人員不(bu)(bu)采(cai)(cai)取正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa)，認為(wei)(wei)(wei)應(ying)(ying)急(ji)措施是萬能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)“應(ying)(ying)急(ji)”代(dai)“維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)”，“治(zhi)標(biao)不(bu)(bu)治(zhi)本(ben)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)還很多。如經(jing)常遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“以(yi)焊(han)代(dai)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)”，就是一(yi)(yi)例，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)(xie)部件本(ben)可進行修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)理，但有些(xie)(xie)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人員圖省事(shi)，卻(que)常采(cai)(cai)用(yong)(yong)“焊(han)死”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)。1臺12V135型(xing)柴(chai)油(you)(you)機(ji)噴(pen)油(you)(you)泵凸(tu)輪軸鍵(jian)槽(cao)因磨損(sun)松曠，半圓(yuan)鍵(jian)固定不(bu)(bu)牢，本(ben)應(ying)(ying)采(cai)(cai)取重新(xin)銑鍵(jian)槽(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)辦法(fa)解決，但維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人員卻(que)直接(jie)把(ba)凸(tu)輪軸和(he)噴(pen)油(you)(you)泵聯(lian)接(jie)盤焊(han)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起(qi)，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)該處(chu)無法(fa)拆(chai)卸(xie)，后期維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)困(kun)難。液壓(ya)油(you)(you)缸(gang)耳環和(he)油(you)(you)缸(gang)活(huo)塞桿聯(lian)接(jie)螺紋(wen)損(sun)壞(huai)后，用(yong)(yong)直接(jie)焊(han)接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)，致(zhi)使(shi)油(you)(you)缸(gang)油(you)(you)封損(sun)壞(huai)后無法(fa)更換(huan)，漏油(you)(you)嚴重；當發現工作(zuo)裝(zhuang)置動作(zuo)緩慢或轉(zhuan)向困(kun)難時，不(bu)(bu)查(cha)故(gu)(gu)障原因，盲目(mu)調(diao)高(gao)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)，導(dao)(dao)致(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)過高(gao)，易損(sun)壞(huai)油(you)(you)封、管路、液壓(ya)元件等；為(wei)(wei)(wei)了使(shi)柴(chai)油(you)(you)機(ji)“有勁”，人為(wei)(wei)(wei)調(diao)大噴(pen)油(you)(you)泵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)供油(you)(you)量和(he)調(diao)高(gao)噴(pen)油(you)(you)器(qi)噴(pen)油(you)(you)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(li)。這些(xie)(xie)不(bu)(bu)正(zheng)規的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa)只能應(ying)(ying)急(ji)，卻(que)不(bu)(bu)可長期使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，必須(xu)從根本(ben)上(shang)查(cha)出故(gu)(gu)障原因，采(cai)(cai)取正(zheng)規的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)方法(fa)排除故(gu)(gu)障，應(ying)(ying)引起(qi)維(wei)(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意。
11：墊片使(shi)用不規(gui)范，隨意使(shi)用的現象仍然(ran)存在
工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)零部件配(pei)合面(mian)(mian)間使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片種(zhong)類很多(duo)，常(chang)(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)有(you)石(shi)棉(mian)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、橡膠墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、紙板墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、軟木墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、毛氈墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、有(you)色金屬墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)（銅墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、鋁墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)）、銅皮（鋼皮）石(shi)棉(mian)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、絕(jue)緣墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、彈簧(huang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、平墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)。一(yi)(yi)些(xie)用(yong)(yong)來防(fang)止(zhi)零部件配(pei)合面(mian)(mian)間漏油(you)(you)、漏水(shui)、漏氣、漏電，一(yi)(yi)些(xie)起緊(jin)(jin)(jin)固防(fang)松(song)(song)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。每一(yi)(yi)類墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)時機(ji)和(he)場合有(you)不(bu)同的(de)規(gui)定和(he)要(yao)求，在(zai)維修工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)時，墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)規(gui)范甚至(zhi)亂用(yong)(yong)的(de)現(xian)象還比(bi)較嚴重(zhong)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)配(pei)合面(mian)(mian)間經常(chang)(chang)發(fa)生(sheng)泄漏，螺栓、螺母自行(xing)松(song)(song)動(dong)、松(song)(song)脫，影響工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)的(de)正常(chang)(chang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)。如發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)氣缸(gang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過厚(hou)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)壓縮比(bi)降(jiang)低，發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)起動(dong)困(kun)難(nan)；噴油(you)(you)器與氣缸(gang)蓋配(pei)合面(mian)(mian)間使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)銅墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片，如使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)石(shi)棉(mian)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)代替(ti)，易(yi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)噴油(you)(you)器散熱不(bu)良發(fa)生(sheng)燒(shao)蝕；柴(chai)油(you)(you)機(ji)輸油(you)(you)泵(beng)和(he)噴油(you)(you)泵(beng)結合面(mian)(mian)間墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片過厚(hou)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)輸油(you)(you)量及(ji)輸油(you)(you)壓力(li)不(bu)足，柴(chai)油(you)(you)機(ji)功率(lv)下(xia)降(jiang)；如漏裝彈簧(huang)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、鎖緊(jin)(jin)(jin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、密封墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，致(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)接合不(bu)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)，易(yi)發(fa)生(sheng)松(song)(song)動(dong)或漏油(you)(you)等(deng)現(xian)象；因(yin)墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片中間有(you)孔(kong)而忘記開孔(kong)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)油(you)(you)道、水(shui)道堵塞(sai)，發(fa)動(dong)機(ji)燒(shao)瓦抱軸、水(shui)箱開鍋的(de)現(xian)象也經常(chang)(chang)發(fa)生(sheng)。在(zai)此提醒(xing)廣大維修人(ren)員維修工程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)時，切記“墊(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)片雖小用(yong)(yong)處大”。
12：“小件”好壞不重視，因“小”失“大”導致故障增加
在維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)作業時，一(yi)些(xie)(xie)維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)人員往(wang)往(wang)只重(zhong)視(shi)噴油(you)泵(beng)、輸油(you)泵(beng)、活(huo)塞、缸套、活(huo)塞環、液壓(ya)油(you)泵(beng)、操(cao)縱閥、制動、轉向系統等零部件的(de)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)，卻忽視(shi)了對(dui)濾(lv)清器(qi)(qi)、溢流閥、各(ge)類(lei)儀表等“小(xiao)件”的(de)保養(yang)，他們認為這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)(xie)“小(xiao)件”不(bu)影響機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，即使損(sun)壞也無關(guan)緊要，只要機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)能動就湊合著用，孰不(bu)知，正是這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)(xie)“小(xiao)件”缺乏維(wei)(wei)護(hu)，導(dao)致機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)發生早期磨損(sun)，縮短使用壽命。如工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)使用的(de)柴油(you)濾(lv)清器(qi)(qi)、機(ji)油(you)濾(lv)清器(qi)(qi)、空(kong)氣(qi)濾(lv)清器(qi)(qi)、液壓(ya)油(you)濾(lv)清器(qi)(qi)、水(shui)溫表、油(you)溫表、油(you)壓(ya)表、感應塞、傳感器(qi)(qi)、報警器(qi)(qi)、預熱塞、油(you)液濾(lv)網(wang)、水(shui)箱蓋、油(you)箱蓋、加(jia)機(ji)油(you)口蓋、黃油(you)嘴、儲氣(qi)筒放污開關(guan)、蓄電(dian)池(chi)箱、噴油(you)器(qi)(qi)回油(you)接(jie)頭、開口銷、風扇導(dao)風罩、傳動軸螺(luo)栓(shuan)鎖片(pian)等，這(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)(xie)“小(xiao)件”是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)正常(chang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作及(ji)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)保養(yang)必不(bu)可少(shao)的(de)，對(dui)延(yan)長機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)的(de)使用壽命至關(guan)重(zhong)要，在維(wei)(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)作業時，如不(bu)注意維(wei)(wei)護(hu)保養(yang)，常(chang)會(hui)“因(yin)小(xiao)失大(da)”，導(dao)致工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)械(xie)(xie)(xie)故障的(de)發生
13：維修禁忌忘(wang)腦(nao)后，隱性故障(zhang)頻繁出
維(wei)(wei)修工程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)時(shi)，有(you)些(xie)維(wei)(wei)修人(ren)員不(bu)(bu)了(le)解維(wei)(wei)修中應注意的一些(xie)問(wen)題，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)拆裝中經常出現“習慣性”的錯誤，影響機(ji)(ji)械(xie)的維(wei)(wei)修質量。如熱車拆裝發動機(ji)(ji)氣缸蓋，易(yi)(yi)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)缸蓋變(bian)形裂紋(wen)；安裝活塞銷(xiao)時(shi)，不(bu)(bu)加(jia)熱活塞而(er)直接把活塞銷(xiao)打入銷(xiao)孔內(nei)，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)活塞變(bian)形量增大，橢圓度(du)增加(jia)；曲(qu)軸(zhou)主軸(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)或連(lian)桿(gan)瓦(wa)(wa)背(bei)加(jia)銅墊或紙墊，易(yi)(yi)堵塞油(you)道，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)燒(shao)瓦(wa)(wa)抱軸(zhou)事(shi)故；在維(wei)(wei)修柴油(you)機(ji)(ji)時(shi)過量刮(gua)削軸(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)，軸(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)表(biao)面的減(jian)摩合金層被刮(gua)掉，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)軸(zhou)瓦(wa)(wa)鋼背(bei)與曲(qu)軸(zhou)直接摩擦發生(sheng)早期磨損；拆卸軸(zhou)承、皮(pi)帶輪等過盈(ying)配合零(ling)部件(jian)(jian)時(shi)不(bu)(bu)使用(yong)拉力器(qi)，硬打硬敲，易(yi)(yi)導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)部件(jian)(jian)變(bian)形或損壞；啟封(feng)新活塞、缸套(tao)、噴油(you)嘴偶(ou)件(jian)(jian)、柱塞偶(ou)件(jian)(jian)等零(ling)件(jian)(jian)時(shi)，用(yong)火燒(shao)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)面封(feng)存的油(you)質或臘(la)質，使零(ling)件(jian)(jian)性能發生(sheng)變(bian)化，不(bu)(bu)利于零(ling)件(jian)(jian)的使用(yong)。
14：零件除污、清洗不徹底，早損、腐蝕常(chang)發生
維(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)時，正(zheng)確(que)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)油污、雜(za)質(zhi)對(dui)(dui)提高修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)理質(zhi)量，延長機(ji)械(xie)使(shi)用(yong)壽命有(you)著重要意義(yi)。由于不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)注(zhu)意加強零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)、清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)選(xuan)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)理、清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)方法不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)當等，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)早期磨損、腐蝕(shi)(shi)性(xing)(xing)損壞的(de)(de)現象，在(zai)一(yi)(yi)些修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)理單位還時有(you)發生。如不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)徹底(di)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)缸(gang)套臺(tai)階(jie)、活塞環槽內(nei)積炭(tan)、螺栓孔內(nei)雜(za)物、液壓元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)內(nei)砂粒，導(dao)致(zhi)(zhi)螺栓扭矩不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)、活塞環易折斷、缸(gang)墊(dian)燒蝕(shi)(shi)、液壓元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)早期磨損。在(zai)大(da)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)注(zhu)意清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)除(chu)柴(chai)油濾(lv)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、機(ji)油濾(lv)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、液壓油濾(lv)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)器(qi)(qi)(qi)、柴(chai)油機(ji)水套、散熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)表(biao)面(mian)、潤滑油油道等處積存(cun)的(de)(de)油污或(huo)雜(za)質(zhi)，使(shi)維(wei)修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)徹底(di)，減少工(gong)程(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)無故(gu)障(zhang)運行時間。修(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)理人員(yuan)在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時，一(yi)(yi)要正(zheng)確(que)選(xuan)用(yong)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)。對(dui)(dui)各(ge)種(zhong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，應根據它(ta)們對(dui)(dui)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)潔度(du)的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)要求(qiu)，正(zheng)確(que)選(xuan)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)；二要防(fang)止(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐蝕(shi)(shi)、生銹(xiu)(xiu)。為確(que)保零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量，應防(fang)止(zhi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)腐蝕(shi)(shi)生銹(xiu)(xiu)，尤其(qi)對(dui)(dui)精密零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)更不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許有(you)任何程(cheng)度(du)的(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)(shi)或(huo)生銹(xiu)(xiu)。因此在(zai)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)時，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可用(yong)堿性(xing)(xing)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)（特別是(shi)強堿清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)）清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（如鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)氣(qi)缸(gang)蓋等），更不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可用(yong)強酸(suan)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)銅類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（如節(jie)溫(wen)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主閥），以(yi)最大(da)限度(du)地(di)減少機(ji)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)腐蝕(shi)(shi)；三是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應分類(lei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。鋁(lv)合(he)金(jin)類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、銅類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜放在(zai)堿性(xing)(xing)或(huo)酸(suan)性(xing)(xing)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)中一(yi)(yi)道清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)，橡膠類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜和其(qi)它(ta)鋼鐵類(lei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)放在(zai)汽、柴(chai)油及(ji)酸(suan)、堿性(xing)(xing)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)劑(ji)(ji)中一(yi)(yi)起清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)。
鉆機液壓系統異響怎么辦？挖改鉆機廠家為您分析解決方法
液壓泵或(huo)液壓馬達質量不好(hao)
液壓(ya)(ya)泵的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)不好(hao)，精度沒有完(wan)全達(da)到技術要求，壓(ya)(ya)力與流量(liang)波動(dong)大(da)，困油現象沒有得到很(hen)好(hao)的(de)消除，密封不好(hao)以及(ji)軸承質(zhi)量(liang)差(cha)等(deng)都是造成噪(zao)聲的(de)主要原因。在使用過程中，由于(yu)液壓(ya)(ya)泵零件(jian)磨損，間隙過大(da)，流量(liang)不足，壓(ya)(ya)力易波動(dong)，同樣也會引起噪(zao)聲。
解決辦法：當然(ran)是選(xuan)擇質量好的液壓泵(beng)或液壓馬(ma)達(da)，另外還(huan)要定期進行(xing)維修和(he)保養，例(li)如(ru)若齒輪(lun)的齒形(xing)精度低，則(ze)應對研齒輪(lun)，滿足(zu)接觸面(mian)要求；葉(xie)片泵(beng)有困油(you)(you)(you)現象的話(hua)應修正配油(you)(you)(you)盤(pan)的三角槽，消除困油(you)(you)(you)；如(ru)果液壓泵(beng)軸向間隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)而(er)輸油(you)(you)(you)量不足(zu)，則(ze)應修理，使軸向間隙(xi)在(zai)允許范圍內；液壓泵(beng)選(xuan)用得不對就(jiu)應該立即(ji)更(geng)換。
換向(xiang)閥的(de)調整不當，使換向(xiang)閥的(de)閥芯移動太快，造成換向(xiang)沖擊，因而產生(sheng)噪聲(sheng)與振動。
工作時(shi)，液壓閥(fa)的(de)閥(fa)芯(xin)支(zhi)持在彈簧上，當其頻(pin)率與液壓泵輸油率的(de)脈動(dong)頻(pin)率或與其它振源頻(pin)率相近時(shi)，會(hui)引起振動(dong)，產生噪(zao)聲。
解(jie)決(jue)方法：如果使(shi)用的(de)換向(xiang)閥(fa)是液壓換向(xiang)閥(fa)，應該調整控制(zhi)油(you)路(lu)中的(de)節流元件，使(shi)換向(xiang)平穩無(wu)沖擊；通(tong)過(guo)改變管路(lu)系統的(de)固有(you)頻率，變動控制(zhi)閥(fa)的(de)位(wei)置或適當(dang)地加蓄能器，則能防(fang)振(zhen)降噪。
四(si)、溢流閥不穩定
比如由于滑閥與閥孔配(pei)合不當或錐閥與閥座接觸處被污(wu)物(wu)卡(ka)住(zhu)、阻尼孔堵塞(sai)、彈簧(huang)歪斜或失效等(deng)使閥芯卡(ka)住(zhu)或在閥孔內移(yi)動不靈，引(yin)起系統壓力(li)波動和(he)噪聲。
解決辦法(fa)：注意清洗(xi)、疏通陰尼孔(kong)；對溢流閥進行檢查，如發現(xian)有損(sun)壞應該及時修理或更換(huan)。
機械振動(dong)
油管細長(chang)、彎頭多又沒有進行(xing)固定，在(zai)油流(liu)通流(liu)速較高時，容易引起管子(zi)抖(dou)動(dong)；電(dian)動(dong)機和(he)液壓(ya)泵的旋(xuan)轉部(bu)分不平衡、在(zai)安裝時對中不好或聯軸節松動(dong)等(deng)，均能產生振動(dong)和(he)噪聲。
解決(jue)辦法：較長油管建(jian)議分開(kai)，并與機床壁隔(ge)開(kai)，適當加設支承(cheng)管夾；調(diao)整電動機和液壓泵的安(an)裝精度；重新安(an)裝聯軸(zhou)節，保證同軸(zhou)度小于0.1MM等(deng)。
